[Kitashi 5KΩ single round potentiometer](https://www.automation24.ir/product-723/%D9%BE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C %D9%88%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1-%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C-5k%E2%84%A6- %D8%AA%DA%A9-%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1)
Potentiometer consists of a rotating resistive element in a chamber, which is used to divide voltage in circuits. This resistance element may be wire, layer or carbon. Two terminals are connected to the two ends of this resistance element, and the resistance value between these two terminals is always constant and for the ohmic value of the resistance element. Between these two terminals, there is another terminal that is connected to a movable contact, and this movable contact can move on the resistance element and cause the resistance to change between the middle terminal and each of the side terminals. To move the movable contact on the resistance element, the end of the resistance element is connected to a volume or to a grooved plate that can be moved by a screwdriver.
The resistance change between the middle terminal and one of the side terminals can be linear or non-linear in relation to the rotation of the volume or the grooved plate, which is why the potentiometer is called linear or non-linear. In a linear potentiometer, for the same volume changes, the resistance value changes between the middle terminal and each of the side terminals will be the same. For example, in a linear potentiometer, if the resistance between the middle terminal and one of the side terminals increases from zero ohm to 1kΩ for turning the volume potentiometer from 0 to 90 degrees, if the volume potentiometer is rotated from 90 degrees to 180 degrees, the resistance Between those two terminals it will increase from 1kΩ to 2kΩ. Usually, the resistance value between the side terminals of the potentiometer, or in other words, the ohmic value of the resistance element of the potentiometer, is written on it. If this value starts with the letter B, it will indicate that our potentiometer is a non-linear potentiometer, that is, for the same changes in volume. , the resistance changes between the moving terminal and each of the fixed terminals will not be the same, but these changes will be non-linear, or in other words, the resistance change curve between the fixed and moving terminals will be non-linear with respect to the rotation of the moving contact.
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What is the difference between potentiometer and rheostat?
Potentiometer and rheostat are both variable resistors. With the difference that the potentiometer is used to control the voltage of a part of the circuit, but the rheostat is used to control the current intensity of the circuit. Also, if we use all three rheostats in the circuit, its function becomes like a potentiometer and the voltage can be controlled.
Note: Today, instead of using a potentiometer (variable resistance), we can use a digital potentiometer to make the automation process easier. In this case, you can easily take the analog output from the digital potentiometer and send it to the desired controller by scaling the desired information. Inverter connected.
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