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Transformers are devices that convert electrical energy from one level of voltage or current to another. Transformers are available in various types according to their applications, which include general purpose transformers and special purpose transformers. Transformers that are used in most electrical systems and are not designed for a special purpose are called general purpose transformers. which includes dry and oil transformers here. Transformers designed for a special purpose are called special purpose transformers.
Current transformers are divided into two types in terms of core
1- Current transformers with measuring core
2- Current transformers with protective core
1- Current transformers with a measuring core have the duty to be accurate within the nominal and normal current of the network. And these types of cores should be saturated in short-circuit currents and prevent the increase of current in the secondary and thus prevent burning and damage to the measuring devices on the secondary side.
2- current transformers with protective core:
They should be able to be careful in short-circuit currents and go to saturation later so that they can show it in the secondary according to the increase in the current in the primary, and by detecting this excess current in the secondary, the protection relays give the cut-off command to the relevant keys. Disconnect the connected and defective parts from the network.
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Current transformer rated power:
The nominal power of the current transformer is equal to the product of the nominal secondary current and the secondary voltage drop resulting from this current. The standard values of the nominal powers are:
2.5-5-10-15-30 VA
Of course, higher values can be designed and used in transformers.
Accuracy class of current transformers:
The error rate of CTs is determined according to their accuracy class. CT accuracy class for measurement and protection core is expressed in two different ways. For the measuring core, they provide the percentage of current error in the rated current.
For example, accuracy class CL=0.5 means 0.5% error in rated current. Usually, the secondary current of current transformers is 1 or 5 amps.
Measuring CTs are usually specified in the accuracy class of 0.1 - 0.2 - 0.5 - 1 - 3 - 5 and in the catalogs the equipment is specified as 0.2: CT: 5/1200 Cl. In addition, it should be noted that if 800c is written on the plate, it means that the short circuit voltage will go into saturation if it exceeds 800 volts.
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