What is barium nitrate?
Barium nitrate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ba(NO3)2. It is a white, crystalline powder and, like most barium salts, is colorless, toxic, and soluble in water. It burns with a green flame and is oxidizing.
Barium nitrate is commonly used in making fireworks.
In fireworks, it is primarily used as an oxidizer to provide oxygen for the combustion of other pyrotechnics. When heated, barium nitrate decomposes to release oxygen, which reacts with other materials in the pyrotechnic composition to produce a wide range of effects, including bright colors, sparks, and flames.
Barium nitrate is often used in combination with other chemicals such as strontium or copper to create certain colors in fireworks. For example, combining barium nitrate with strontium carbonate can produce a bright red color, while combining it with copper oxide can produce a green color.
Risks and safety tips
Barium nitrate is toxic. Inhalation may cause respiratory irritation. While skin or eye contact is less harmful than ingestion or inhalation, it can still result in irritation, itching, redness, and pain.
A dust mask should always be worn when handling it. A mixture of metal powders and barium nitrate sometimes spontaneously heats up and can catch fire, especially when wet. This can usually be avoided by adding small amounts of boric acid (1-2%).
Barium nitrate should be stored in closed bottles and away from moisture and flammable materials as well as acid vapors. A glass or plastic bottle with a cap is good enough.
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