** [Rotary Encoder Atonix E40H12-1024-3-T-24](https://www.automation24.ir/product-900/%25D8%25B1%25D9%2588%25D8%25AA%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C- %25D8%25A7%25D 9%2586%25DA%25A9%25D9%2588%25D8%25AF%25D8%25B1-%25D8%25A2%25D8%25AA %25D9%2588%25D9%2586%25DB%258C%25DA%25A9%25D8%25B3-e40h1210243t24)**\r\n\r\n\r\n## Main features:\r\n\r\n1. 1024 output pulses\r\n2. Internal shaft with a diameter of 12 mm\r\n3. Easy installation in small space\r\n4. Easy rotation with minimum force\r\n5. Supply voltage: ±5% D 12-24 VDC \r\n6. Diversity in the type of output\r\n\r\nThe shaft encoder converts the angular movement of a shaft or axis into countable electrical pulses. Encoders are divided into two types, incremental and absolute, in terms of performance.\r\n\r\n### Incremental encoder\r\n\r\nIn this type of encoders, a pair of transmitter and receiver LEDs and a calibrated disc (black and white or perforated) are used, and the calibrated disc is placed between the transmitter and receiver sensor. During the rotation of the graduated disc, the signal between the transmitter and the receiver is cut off and connected successively, and we will have a set of pulses at the output. By counting the number of pulses, the amount of rotation and displacement can be calculated.\r\n\r\nThe more the number of pulses, the more accurate the movement calculation will be.\r\n\r\nBy counting the number of encoder pulses, the amount of movement or rotation of the shaft can be measured. But if we have a row of output pulses, it is not possible to detect the direction of rotation. Therefore, the encoders must have a second set of pulses, which is separate from the primary pulse.\r\n\r\n\r\nAlso, a single pulse that represents the rotation time of a complete cycle of the encoder shaft is also produced by the encoders. The first set of pulses is known as A, the second set is known as B pulse, and the third unit pulse is known as Z pulse. \r\n\r\nIf there is a set of pulse A before pulse B, the encoder rotates clockwise (clockwise), and if pulse B is earlier than pulse A, the shaft rotates counterclockwise (clockwise).\r\n\r\nEncoders are made to produce different number of signals according to usage needs. The most widely used rotary encoder is Atonix in 3 signal and 6 signal types. In the three-signal model, the supply voltage is 24V DC and the encoder has 3 wires. In model 6, the power supply voltage signal of the encoder is 5V DC and the encoder has three pulses *A, *B, and *C in addition to the pulses A, B, and Z, which are exactly the opposite of the primary pulses. That is, when pulse A is at logic level 1, signal *A is at point zero level.\r\n\r\n### Absolute encoder\r\n\r\nA major problem in incremental encoders is that the count of pulses must be stored in a counter, and if there is a malfunction in the counter for any reason, the encoder loses its position. In the incremental encoder, the zero point of movement will not be clear. To solve this problem, absolute encoders were created that will always know the position they are in and the distance from the starting point (zero point). The disk used in these encoders consists of a number of equivalent grooves, which generate specific codes by rotating them.\r\n\r\nFor example, if the encoder has 3 sets of disks, we will have a 3-bit output, and as a result, the encoder is able to detect 8 locations.
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